sweet cherries Wild cherry

Sweet cherry - Prunus avium
Sweet Cherry - Prunus avium (Bosker or boskriek)
Cherry wild cherry tree is a deciduous, in forests can grow to a height of 20 m. It is the ancestor (or - mother) of many species and cultivated cherry blossoms in late April with snow-white five-petalled flowers. He wears small sweet cherries in the fall colored leaves and beautiful red. It is a beautiful forest - and park tree.
NamingPrunus is the Latin word for plum and cherry in the same family. The addition avium means loved by the birds.
Distribution and locationThe cherry is native to Europe, western Siberia, Caucasus, North Africa and Asia Minor. He grows on light places in lowlands and mountains (the Alps up to 1700 m), deciduous forests, woodland edges, roadsides, in hedgerows, preferably on moist, free deep nutrient-rich, calcareous clay soil. But we are against him on sandy soils.
The cultivated sweet cherries are the result of selection by this species.
Plant CharacteristicsCherries to 25 m tall deciduous trees with a short trunk and a rounded crown. When the trees are close together, they have a long stem without branches and a high crown. The rather stiff branches are angled outward and upright stand.
The leaves are elliptical and double-cut. At the bottom are those dewy hairs. At the petiole are two red, partly yellow glands.The decorative flowers come together with the leaves from mid-April. They are in screen-like bundles together. The flowers are long stemmed and ambiguous.
This develop small, light - red or black stone fruit (cherries) with a smooth, nearly spherical seed. The flesh is bittersweet. The cherries are very popular with birds also spread concern.
First the bark is smooth, shiny gray or reddish brown, with transverse strips flaking, later, black gray and furrowed.Kriek rejuvenates easily from seed, but also by root storage.
UseThe wood has pale pink sapwood reddish brown to pale orange around a core. The wood resembles mahogany and is used in the furniture and objects that require a straight borehole, such as pipes and musical instruments.
Proverbs

    "Birds do want to eat cherries, but not plant trees.
    "With her it's bad eating cherries".
    "If you gentlemen to eat cherries, cut them with the seeds."
    "Eat cherries when they are offered.
UsePreviously, the resin of the cherry as a remedy for cough using. The steal of the fruit were boiled and used as a remedy for colds. Be prepared from the bark a cure for flatulence and bronchitis. The juice of the fruit promotes blood formation and blood pressure increases.
"Kirsch" is an alcoholic drink that promotes digestion. Less known is its use in outer gout, rheumatism and heart disease.
The seeds contain cyanide, a strong poison. A bag filled with heated cherry stones, helps against a stiff neck.
ProtectionBoskrieken make an important contribution to the natural values ​​of the forest: the blade quickly decompose the flowers and fruits are important for many species. Even as an old fruit boskriek must be protected.
Rosaceae - Rose Family
In other languages:

    Prunus avium (botanical name)
    Wild cherry (English)
    Cerisier des oiseau, Merisier (French)
    Süßkirsche, Vogelkirsche, Wildkirsche (German)

cherries

Cherries: All information on the species, planting, pruning, harvesting, ...All information on cherry trees.
Cherry:Prunus avium (sweet cherry) ---> - = avium loved by birds.Prunus cerasus (sour cherries)
Origin: Europe and Asia.rose flower - Rosaceae (stone fruit)
Races: From Bigarreau, Hedelfinger, Castor, Early Rivers, Lapins, Meikers, Oktavia, Regina, Schneider, Skeena, Spanish handsome cherry, Sumtare, Sunburst, Sylvia, F121 or wild species, seedlings, ...
Plant as:

    Low stemmed: 0.5 meters (stem height).
    Half standard: 1.1 meters (stem height).
    Coasts to 1.8 meters tall (stem height).
    Spindle.
    Palmette
The plantput must be at least 1.5 times and 2 times as deep as wide.Give this a good compost with moderate-rotted manure.Note the height of the graft (must be visible).Provide a good watering during planting so the roots can be ground fine between the coils. Give the next day extra water.Then we can next year with a little organic fertilizer produced. Too much nitrogen would quickly lead to disease and rapid growth or decline.Mulching can always, but it should be taken into account the tree level to avoid diseases (distance).
Distances that must be respected:
- 2 to 3 meters for low strains. (Easy picking)- 3 to 5 meters for half tribes.- 10 meters at 12 or more for high strains. (Difficult picking)
All distances are averages, since they depend on their type and rootstock.

Tip: when you buy saplings, you better 1/3rd of the roots cut back foot.- Prune back branches on March 1 inch range. ---> Prune 'only in planting, growing in the winter from November to March.
Furthermore, there is actually more of a maintenance pruning:- Game store ever back as far as pruning.- Inward growing branches or branches are completely pruned steep.- Remove dead branches.- Pruning back to a more blunt, blind eyes are less active, and "gums" remains earlier.- Let air and light in the head, exposure to the lower branches.- Pruning prevents explosive fruit set, but gives thicker fruits.
Pollination:- Done in advance by cross-pollination. Make sure you like planting flowering varieties for good pollination. In the early bloomers may possibly damage caused by frost.- The cherry is monoecious: ie insects are needed to obtain fruit set.- Mail steward Maurice: suitable for pollinators and possibilities in your garden.

Flowering: April - May
Harvesting:Species from early June, later in July.Harvest hesitantly, not pull pieces of the branches! This would inevitably lead to disease and damage in the first fruit set.Possible colors of the fruit: yellow, red to dark red, purple, orange ,....Later cherries (winter), are mainly from Australia and America and Turkey.
TIP: Consider radiation fields (nuclear fall-out areas)! Health above all else here.Cherries may only contain certain values ​​of radiation, but are still too large daily quantities measured.
Rings or cuts of the tree:This technique is only used to increase fruit set to obtain. This respect the right data to the optimum assimilates to influence.
Important for cultivation in greenhouses, trees should be here shortly and branched for maximum efficiency. Today there are already many low strains grown in greenhouses to bird predation and disease is prevented. Disadvantage is that the conservatory can be used much more, and that intense maintenance. (Water, fertilizer, light, insects use ,...) are also sometimes grown under plastic.
Grafting on rootstock:This is the best time in August.Do this at least 2 years old seedlings.We take a entmes a piece of bark with cambium ± 3 cm tissue which is a leaf bud and place it in the appropriate seedling using a T-shaped incision in the bark to the cambium layer.You can then ligation with raffia or afsmeren with grafting wax (hot or cold).If the graft is triggered, you will see that the petiole to the button will fall off.If the petiole is dried and remains, the graft may have failed.
Facts:When we plant the saplings good at tying a tie pole, but do not foresee too much space between pole and bark as possible for strong winds can cause damage. Use neoprene or bicycle tires to bind.Plant the graft or compensating for low strains, spindle, or palmette, not too deep. (Hand height above ground)Plant the trees as deep as they were originally in the field of the breeder or containerpot were for storage.Seedlings and wild species bloom only after 3 to 5 years.Moderate and give weaker rootstocks on the whole fruit faster 2 years.Know that cherries do not tolerate wet soils.A sweet cherry is larger than a sour cherry tree.Buy species that provide fruit are less likely to burst.

Prunus avium 'Plena'gum
Prunus avium 'Plena' is pretty sweet cherry, which did not give fruit set, and adorns the streets everywhere, and plantations.Provide a planting more in the direction of the wind, so the insects easier way to find the tree. Fruit set will also be better if a good setup was chosen.Pruning stone fruit sometimes leads to "erase" some bacterial diseases such as cancer, the chance to develop.Inrotting of wood can occur in older trees, which may be dangerous to harvest (tall). Here, the most commonly applied system for some branches to maintain a ladder as possible.
Diseases:
- Blossom mortality or Monilia laxa- Aphids.- Fruit rot or Monilia fructigena- Shothole- Cracks (no disease, previous water problem), buy more resistant species.- Bacteria Cancer (avoid sanding through wounds, pruning or wrongly). About Carriers of this disease are: Hawthorn, Pyracantha, pear, apple, rowan ,....- Eaten by birds. Cover with netting or planting under plastic or conservatory.
Nutrients: approximately 50 calories, proteins, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin C (much), calcium, iron, ...
Kitchen applications:Pickled cherries in brandy or cognac, cherry pie, beer applications, pancakes with cherries ,....
Industry: cherry stones are used for pillows to fill them.
Tip: Always buy fresh fruit is not bruised, cherries there not long shelf life. Mold rapid onset of crushed cherries.Wash them thoroughly with cold water before removing the stem.Store them carefully on a kitchen towel and dish and put them in the refrigerator.