pruning pear trees

Pruning pear tree (Pyrus communis)
Pear tree (Pyrus communis)
Scientific name: Pyrus communis L. (Pyrus domestica Medik.)
Origin: possible origins of Central - Asia Minor - Asia, Caucasus, ...
Family:order of Rosales, suborder RosineaeFamily: Rosaceaesubfamily: Pomoïdeae.
types: Berga Motte Esper, Beurre Alexandre Lucas Beurre d'Amanlis, Buerre Clairgeau, Beurre Diel, Contesse de Paris Conference, Dr. Lucius, Doyenne du Comice, Joan of Arc, Madame Favre, Petersbirne, Peroce the Trévoux, Princess Marianne, Winterlonchen ...
Flowering and pollination: pollination, usually by a different species are planted nearby. The species are dependent on the tree that you want to fertilize.
Fact: pears tend to deliver parthenocarpische fruiting. These are fruit-less embryos formed without fertilization.
pear blossom flowering period: between mid April - mid May
Mutations have led to better and bigger fruits.Second bloom in May end -> remove flowers, offer less risk of fire blight.
Tip: late developers generally have fewer problems with frost, which offers more chances of success for good fruit. (Or more likely to fire blight).
Harvest: Fruits ripen in August and September, depending on the species.Pick the Pears by them quietly to lift and separate them from the stem of the branches. Pears to never pull it down.
Pear take much longer than an apple tree before their first fruit. (Not until their fourth or sixth year in their place)
Trees can sometimes about 100 years old.
Method of planting: stock options are low, half-standard and tall.
---> Possibility espaliered forms.
Sometimes also called on southern facades of houses planted.
Rootstock breeding:
• the best breeding or grafting is best done by following types:
---> Beurre Hardy, Beurre d'Amanlis, Duchess Elsa, Joan of Arc, Le Brun, Comtesse de Paris, Doyenne du Comice.
• the weak to avoid vaccinations are:
---> Buerre Clairgeau, Docteur Jules Guyot, Doyenne d'Hiver, Durendeau ...
Tip: This may well inoculations or finishes may be made provided between the stem.
Strains resistant to frost layer should be, can in turn best be grafted onto a rootstock of the quince.
Diploid / triploid: diploid = each cell contains 2 copies of chromosomes in accordance with each other. Including 1 from the male plant and one of the female plant. These are best for fertilizer and other species' pollen suppliers ".
Triploid varieties are less suitable.
= triploid plants of these species have 3 set of chromosomes and are sterile species with low pollen, this inevitably leads to bad fruit.
So it's good to know what type of tree you have planted a good fertilization true.
Location: a sunny spot to partial shade is good for the pear tree.
Respect a north - south direction, which ensures maximum light for the crown. Sun provides a lot of good for less sugar and then fungal diseases.
Soil: medium heavy soils and because of the similarities with the apple, he also tolerate slightly acid soils. A neutral pH value and good drainage are paramount.
A compound organic fertilizer can be given.
Mulching: Can be done once a year to a reasonable distance from the trunk or.
The planting: and this can be done from October to March. Always take into account possible frost periods.
If you purchase 2 year old container trees, there are on the whole system a few branches. These are left to feel after the next winter.
Then in March, not "kopgroeiers" 50 cm pruning (rechtaf) against the highest implanted twig. Pruning in the entire shoot kopgroeiers road to a possible lower branch. Then shortened it to a 10 cm length zijtwijg.
---> Zijhout Bending down to 60 ° from central leader (central branch),
---> Steep twigs are implanted completely pruned away.
Distance: respect the spacing depending on the strain selection.
---> Keep this in account espaliered forms.
· Low strain: 1.5 m to 2 m spacing.
· Half tribe: ranges from 5 to 6 m spacing.
· Tall: ranging from 8 to 10 m spacing.
Pruning: is from December to March.
pay particular attention:
· Dead branches ---> prune.
° steep branches ---> prune or wedge with softwood
· Branches that cross ---> prune (barns v / d branches leading to wounds ---> disease).
° to the central leader converging branches to remove.
° downwards growing fruiting wood ---> Delete ---> receives no sun!
· Pruning always with one eye facing out (crown) and the air and light to the chance in the crown.
How do we proceed to build fruiting wood?
---> Just the first year twigs leave year, then next year the mixed buttons trim and remove the one-year end.
After three years the fruit we cut wood to a "stump", after which the next year will provide many smaller fruits. (More later).
Further, your third year to prune back of the head.
Try as many flowers and fruit or to remove and set it up to a maximum of 1 or 2 pears per cluster.
Been pruned branches can be used (if the tree is at rest), to return to graft them in places you'd like. These branches are then in a refrigerator in a wet cloth in a plastic wrapped against evaporation. The placement of the graft happens when the sap is running full back. This to the graft as much as possible the chance to save well.
Tip: you can make hot or cold grafting wax to seal the wounds, but with perfect pruning wound healing periods occurred naturally.
Grafting wax covers, but fungi can also be well below comfortable with the necessary consequences.
Diseases: perenbladpopziekte (is formed by the perenbladgalmijt (Phytoptus pyri - Epitrimerus pyri). ---> Spraying is necessary.
fire blightfire blight

Fire blight (Erwinia amylovora): bacterial rot disease in consequence of the flowers and stems. Disease is established by bumblebees that the disease transferring the white hawthorn.
Bacteria Cancer: Mortality of leaf and flower shoots due to Pseudomonas syringae bacteria.
Zwartrot: Fungus "Stemphylium vesicarium" focuses on leaves and fruit, these are black and rotting.
Note: Fungal infections spread by spores, including the fallen leaves! This we can not improve the compost process!
Interesting facts: Pickets for tying up the pear tree are first before we put the tree in the hole locations. Best neoprene or rubber is used to attach the tree to the pole. Left work around the tree and pole barns to avoid during gusts. This leads to other injuries that occur can cause infections.See also the graft a good 15 cm above the ground, as these infections and other causes sprawl.

Pepino melon or pear

Pepino melon or pear - Solanum muricatum Aiton
Pepino melon or pear
INTRODUCTIONPepino, Solanum muricatum Aiton, belongs to the Solanaceae or nightshade family like tomato, eggplant, potatoes and peppers. Pepino originated in the Andes and was already known by the Indians. It has long been a cultivated plant in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru and are also grown in New Zealand.
Melo Pears are the fruit of Solanum muricatum to 90 cm high and 70 cm wide can be. Sometimes also called the melon pear melon apple. The alternately arranged, green, soft leaves are oblong and up to 15 cm long and contrast beautifully with the flowers and fruits. During the flowering period in early May to September, the focused clusters witpaars striped, autogamous flowers in the leaf axils.
In the conservatory you should bear in mind that fruit set is optimal at temperatures between 18 and 27 ° C. At temperatures above 30 ° C, much lower fruit set. In late June the first fruits appear. These berries are round to oval and are 12 cm long with a diameter of 8 cm. The fruits are green, but will eventually purple stripes and spots like the flowers. Like tomatoes ripen the fruit is best to plant in full sun. The pepino is ripe when the fruit springs along with a gentle finger pressure. The ripe fruits yellow with purple stripes and colors weighing 150-500 grams.
FRESH FRUITFrom August, the first fruits harvest ripe and ready to eat.The melon pear has a fairly thin skin and very juicy. The fruit rich in vitamin C (35 mg per 100 g) and sweet, pale yellow flesh. The subtle flavor is reminiscent of a blend of pear and melon. The fruit can uitlepelen but they are also delicious in salad or processed into jam. Furthermore, the refreshing fruit coulis also suitable for sorbets. The fragrant, ripe fruits are increasingly available in shops and markets.The melon pear does well as solitary as a patio plant and bedding plant. The plant thrives in tubs or pots from 30 to 50 cm wide in a sunny location. It is a perennial, perennial, but then you have them in a frost-free place overwinter.

Bountiful harvest
CAREThe plants get into the regular season like extra fertilizer so many good fruits to form. It is important to choose a fertilizer with low nitrogen content. Too much nitrogen creates a lush leaf growth at the expense of fruiting. Regular but moderate watering are recommended. Just like tomatoes, you may also apply to pepino leaf harvest from mid-September. This allows more sunlight to get the fruit to ripen making them better. After harvesting the fruits ripen even further. Propagation of pepino is quite adept at cutting, also from seeds (1 seed = 3 mm) is possible. There are seed stand and seedless varieties. A plant can be propagated from cuttings after four months as a flower producing plant grown from seed will bloom months later.

Quinces, mulberries, and other old medlar fruit

Fruit varieties of the past:

Not so long ago were at each farm a few types of fruit: apples, pears, cherries, plums, etc. Most of them were tall form, because the calves ran on the grass below. Because caring for the young stock usually up to the farmer's wife, was a meadow and so the orchard, located close to home. For our present gardens, fruit trees are those tall, too big, so many varieties on rootstocks grafted to more modest growth. A big advantage of a permanently smaller tree (or even a shrub) that is much earlier than the plant blooms and fruits. There must be many kinds of fruit such as apples and pears, which is mature for his first. And it takes longer if you first need to grow bigger.

There are also lovely, old, other fruit
Of apples, pears, plums etc. are hundreds of old varieties often delicious fruit, but commercially not interesting anymore. So these are really nice liefhebbersrassen.Heel to choose and to preserve such a wonderful, sometimes hundreds of years old race to work, but there's more.
Total other fruit tree shapes with an equally long history often also require attention:

     The white mulberry (Morus alba) is the fruit tree on which the silkworms are bred. This species comes from China, but since the 17th century in Europe were planted. The fruits are small, white to pinkish in color and sweet they taste deliciously fresh. A big advantage of white over the black mulberry (M. nigra, from West Asia) is that the fruit is much less dye and therefore do not stain when they (over ripe) waste. The trees bloom in May, the fruits ripen in July. Horizontal espalier mulberries are often pruned and managed.

The quince (Cydonia oblonga) you know from southern Europe and the famous kweepeerjam, but also in our country, the quince has grown since Roman times. The fruits (harvested in October) can apple or pear shape, they are just cooked edible (and delicious sauce is very good in applesauce), and as they mature a golden yellow color. The fruit smells delicious. Kweepeerbomen let themselves easily lead. They like sun and moist soil. Good varieties of quince include 'Champion', 'Portugal' and 'Vranja. They bloom in May-June. Many hawthorn rootstock grafted on quince.

 The medlar (Mespilus germanica) is an ancient vegetable crop that is already in prehistoric time from Persia came to us. The Romans planted them around with their camps. You can use them as a shrub and tree crown buy. If trees are thornless and are 4-6 m high. Medlars bloom in May-June with large, prominent, white flowers. In October, the fruit is picked green and stored until browned and soft. Then they are edible (for making mispeljam). The special taste is beyond compare. Medlar Medlar is.

September Garden Tips

     Plant evergreen shrubs now, trees and hedges.

     Time for lawn restoration: seed bare spots in.

     Over faded summer flowers and plant containers and bare patches border again with species that still thrive, such as asters, Japanese anemones and Liriope.

     This month all plant snowdrops and crocuses.

     Part early flowering perennials and plant the young edge pieces again (or improve the ground first).

     Seeds collected from dead flowers. Dry them and store them in acid-free paper envelopes.

Walnuts - Walnuts

Walnuts: medicinal uses and recipes with walnuts in the kitchenWalnuts I have a nut, walnuts (Juglans regia L.) with you to crackIntroductionProbably our walnuts or walnut tree from Central Asia. The Romans would have brought him to Europe. This impressive tree with its thick, wrinkled bark feels here in Europe, at home. He likes warm and sunny slopes, but that is not really necessary. He has a whole layer of fertile soil needed, because its roots can be up to 3 meters deep. The roots grow sideways up to 15 meters far ahead. Reflect So first you start thinking a walnut in your garden to plant.Walnuts in the pharmacy cabinetOn the yellowed pages of popular medical records say that the partitions of the walnuts would be good for pain in the heart. In a cup of water you had five walnut partitions and cook one minute more than 15 minutes to draw. An elderly gentleman from nearby smokers drank this tea at his empty stomach complaints. He claimed to benefit from it.In ancient medical books state that after most fish eat nuts. With their heat and power tie it moisture and distribute them the tough mucus in the digestive tract.For men who are no longer the 'potency services' these advice: do okkernotentinctuur 6 drops in a glass and drink it empty just before bedtime. You never know.Walnuts Leaves were ancestral shoes a boon for burning, aching feet.Cooking with walnutsWalnut Cottage cheese toastI treat my family with a regular nut cheese toast. I cut this 50 g of walnuts into large pieces. I grill them briefly in the oven, but make sure not to brown or burn. In the first case, the nuts taste bitter. And when they burn, they do not eat.I stir in 1 tablespoon liquid honey 100 g of cottage cheese and 1 tablespoon milk, then go underneath the nuts. Meanwhile, toast my husband, he can just, toos little dark bread. The nuts-rhapsody-quark is very easy to smear on toast. From that moment you hear nothing for five minutes in our house. And that's a unique situation. The neighbors are always asking if something is amiss. They get some toast and therefore we enjoy together is five minutes of silence ...PortoDo you make yourself postage? No problem! The following recipe from Jos Putzeis tastes delicious.Cheap dry white wine 1 liter, 5 liters of red wine, 1 liter of alcohol 96 degrees. 1 kg of sugar candy, 15 green, immature walnuts, chopped into two pieces, (as long as you can by stabbing with a darning needle, they are good). 200 ml of orange concentrate and a vanilla pod lengthwise cut in half. Allow three months are up. Otherwise, too much tannin-free and then the postage wryly. Regularly shake, otherwise the sugar will crystallize. Filtering, in bottles and corks do. If you own wine making, brew your own 'you can use for this recipe.Do not forget! Every two days the pot (s) Shake or stir the mixture. More ... better. After Christmas postage and filter tests.Walnuts FactsLeaves with walnuts were Celts and Germans bad odors from their home. She rubbed the leaves into small pieces and burned them. Walnuts smell spread very rapidly. Especially in the children's hospital room and there was thus a pleasant scent.Folk wisdom dictates that the insects under a walnut tree are very uncomfortable. You will often find they do not. Some clever people are trying to browse the walnuts to keep mosquitoes at bay. They underestimate the 20th-century mosquitoes, because they are much smarter and withdraw from walnut leaves not much longer.If you want to treat spots on wood furniture, rub the flesh than once over the walnut. Previously they took notes on wood cabinets with high gloss.With walnuts, you can extract the color of your hair some updating. You pick a handful of green walnut shells. You pour water and let boil 15 minutes. Your cool and you sift out the walnut shells. Wash your hair and rinse off the shampoo. Use the infusion as a second rinsing agent and allow at least 10 minutes. If you tan lasts for at least ...

New apple and pear season

The new apple and pear season starts earlier in BelgiumThe new apple and pear season in Belgium:

    The harvest started two to three weeks earlier
    Normal quality of apples, pears very good quality (especially large and medium calibers)
    Belgium is the third largest producer of pears in the EU
    Slightly higher expected auction prices
According to the predictions of Prognosfruit / Eurofel the apple harvest in Belgium this year 2% lower and the pear crop 4% higher. The harvest started exceptionally early this year: on August 21 for conferences, beginning in September for the Jonagold. But what can expect the trade of quality, prices and Flandria share?
Throughout the European Union (27 countries) brings new apple and pear season, a remarkable decrease in the volume of store apples (- 17%) and a slight decrease in the supply of store pears (- 3%). Koen Torfs, the director of Profruco, one of the auctions in the LAVA group, these decreases immediately qualifies: "They are almost exclusively due to the failure of the harvest in much of Eastern Europe. This is the result of three waves of late nights freezing (- 7 ° for several hours). Poland, the largest apple producing country of the Union, sees its volume halved. In Western Europe, we continued through the wonderful weather in April, just saved from frost. In most old member states, the apple harvest is stable or is it even considerably forward (+ 12% + 20% in the Netherlands and in Austria). "
Belgian apple industry switches to flash
The apple harvest will be in Belgium this year for lower (- 2%). This is mainly due to the fact that a lot of apple growers in recent years have switched to apple pears because of the persistently low prices. The limited conversion to other species plays a role.
The Belgian pear contrast, takes in the new season by 4%. With an expected production of 280,000 tonnes, Belgium, even the third largest pear producer in the EU (after Italy and Spain). "That should not surprise," says Koen Torfs.
"For six years, the pear acreage in Belgium each year increased by 10%, which is a huge amount. The production of conferences has more than doubled since 1998.
She took in recent years relatively high prices.Moreover, the demand from Russia is still growing. Russia is already the
largest export market for Belgian pears. The time when the market was satisfied with lower quality, is over. The rising standard of living creates an ever-wider layer of people willing to pay for quality. The success of our Conference has to do with the ideal blend of soil and climate. Only in the Benelux we succeeds in it the elongated Conference Pear and juicy with a rich flavor to grow. The Conference of Southern Europe is round and squat. "
Apples: a normal quality
"The apples Although there was some hail damage, but the nice weather in April and the almost ideal wet weather in July have a positive impact on the quality had" predicts Koen Torfs. "I expect a normal quality of our apples and gauges that our trade in recent years was common."

The proportion of Jonagold in the Belgian production continues to fall but is still 49%. The races offer is visible to the wider, even though the switch to other races still modest. Koen Torfs: "The shift is of course what slowed the shift to growing pears, but I see three trends. First and foremost, a revival of Golden Delicious, a slight growth of new varieties such as Kanzi, Belgica and Junami, and finally, new mutants of traditional varieties (Picova, early varieties of Braeburn). The changeover takes place in Belgium is certainly not to a single dominant race at that time as Jonagold, but to a multitude of varieties. That is what the market looks ".
Pears: the most promising
In the trade will all last season (2006-2007) remembered as the season of small pears. Koen Torfs: "That will be different. Conference in the race, more than ever sterras of our production (87% of supply), I have seen great fruit with a smooth texture and excellent sugar content. The large and medium calibers will again offer the majority of the Belgian member and that is good for trade. In the other races I expect a very good quality ".
Remarkably early start to the season
The warm weather and good growing conditions during this summer, a remarkable early start to the new top fruit season:
For pears is August 21 from a strand of opinion. Last year it was Sept. 15. The first Belgian store pears in the new season, so three weeks earlier on the market than in 2006.
At the store apples, the harvest may already start in early September, that is more than two weeks earlier than last year.

Slight but not significant increases expected
Koen Torfs: "Last season took the apples after years of rock-bottom prices slightly higher average auction prices. When the pears were the picture differently. The major gauges were very expensive and rare. In the largest selection, the smaller calibers, we first saw a downward trend in auction prices. All remained pear average price much higher than the apple price ".
Predict a price for the new season is a delicate matter. At the meeting of Prognosfruit apples for much higher prices predicted due to the anticipated reduction in supply by 17%. Koen Torfs here is qualified: "Look at the numbers. The global volume of two-tone quality varieties will in Western Europe increased 4% for Jonagold,Gala 7% and even 35% for Fuji. There will be no shortages. I expect apples or even a slight price increase. "
The better quality and larger calibers in pear will probably provide slightly higher prices. Koen Torfs: "I expect that the higher prices will persist throughout the season. In the second half of last season we saw a decline in the quality of pear stocks as a result of hot weather in July 2006. Did prices fall in February. In the new season, I expect no quality problems ".

 

The range of Belgian apple season 2007-2008 (1000 tonnes)

race	expected volume	Percentage
Boskoop	21	6
Cox Orange	3	1
Elstar	13	4
Golden Delicious	32	9
Jonagold en Jonagoldmutanten	170	49
Jonagored	74	21
Andere (Kanzi, Braeburn, Belgica…)	35	10
Totaal	348	100

Het Belgische perenaanbod seizoen 2007-2008 (1000 ton)

race	expected volume	Percentage
Conférence	248	87
Doyenné	18	7
Durondeau	8	3
Andere	6	3
Totaal	280	100

 

medlar recipes

Medlar Recipes: medlar medlar compote and liquor
What can I do with the fruits of a medlar tree?

From this rather unusual fruits can make a drink.

Medlar Medlar Herbal Liqueur (Mespilus germanica L.)

ingredients:

     300 grams medlar (not cut up)

     300 g white sugar (otherwise you drink dark)

     Gin 1 liter of 38 degrees

     three cloves for each medlar.

method:

Insert cloves into the medlar.
Put everything in a large glass jar. Add the other ingredients and let stand 3 months.
Then add the cloves out of the medlar and let stand for another three months.
You have to wait, but waiting to bring: a drink.


medlar

Medlar mousse or compote

ingredients:

     Medlars (enough for 1 liter boiled knitting)
     500 grams sugar jelly
     half a lemon
     one level teaspoon mixed spice
     water

method:

Compote sounds so common for this delicacy. For applesauce, apple pie, rice pudding, the Belgian cheese sandwich is the recipe of this ancient heavenly fruit described below:

Wash medlar soft and cut them into pieces.
Add a little water to prevent them sticking.
Allow to come to a boil.
Put them through a food mill (PasseVite)
Take 1 liter of brown mush and add 500 grams of sugar in jelly. The packaging of the sugar is 2 + 1 (two volumes of fluid and a quantity of sugar).
Add the juice of half a lemon.
If you want something sweeter, do you still fine ¼ kg sugar.
Add 1 small heaped teaspoon mixed spice and cook, as on the packaging state of the sugar, cook three minutes.
Fill jars filled, turn the screw lid and let cool.

medlar

Medlar (Mespilus germanica) info and cultivars:
Medlars: breathtakingly good, have a laxative effect and help with menstrual pain!
Medlars are old, European fruit in recent years a bit in the oblivion. Previously, the medlar and was well known in many gardens were planted for the above reason.
It was the Romans that they brought to Europe from Asia Minor. Medlars grow on small bushy trees. Linnaeus gave the medlar the Latin name Mespilus germanica, because he thought that Germany naturally grew. Now you see them because they hardly rarely be planted. Unfortunately for the spring will flower or tree butt is rich and laden with large white flowers that are also attractive odors. The fruits in the autumn when they have ripened very tasty!
The medlar fertilizes itself, so two copies for pollination and fruit set is not necessary.
The special feature of the medlar is clear from the saying 'as rotten as a medlar. The fruit must indeed linger long on the bush, this is ultimately the taste. You can go harvest around October. Be patient, let it first a few light frosts are over before you harvest. The frost makes the flesh soft. Even then it is advisable for a while the fruit in a cool dark place. The flesh becomes brown, soft and sweet. They seem to rot or be, but these are definitely not! The medlar is now so out of hand eaten by him open up and suck out the flesh. A medlar is juicy with a sweet-sour taste. It is delicious jams and jellies are made.
Lot recipe for medlar is not available on this site but you'll find some great recipes back from the hand of Daniëlle Houbrechts ..

Remarkable variety: 'Giant of Uitbergen "
I own this Medlar refined, long before hybrids were until I had the largest fruits (up to 8cm diameter> see photos) They are also very tasty and sweet. In the spring flowering with large white fragrant blossoms, the leaves are dark green elongated and has a good autumn autumn bronze discoloration.
I have the privilege than it appropriated for this variety of "Giant of Uitbergen" to baptize. In the nursery www.hortusconclusus.be are already obtaining various sizes.
A big plus to this is many medlar pulp. Compared with a normal medlar give these improved varieties to 80% more flesh. This makes them better suited to the kitchen to be incorporated into a dish delicieus.
The immature medlar are also sought after by my wife to some arrangement to process!
Plant Characteristics:
Flower color: large white fragrant flowers.Leaf color: dark green - light hair.Height: 2.50 - 3.50 metersFlowering period: April - MayGrowth Form: out rowing, stuikachtige small tree.Multiply: This variety is grafted at the bottom.Available in: container or soil.
Insect pests or tree has little or no expense.
Habitat:
Location: sun, partial shade and is well tolerated even shade.Soil: Any soil types, places few demands.Humidity: permeable.Acidity: Neutral
Pruning:
A medlar goes without pruning, the more you prune, the more vertical shoots growing on the tree you get. A young tree pruning by hand can be trained into a tree. The main branch is in the early arrest and led to a stick. In winter, the branches by one third the length shortened. There will be the following season to the main branch branches are formed.
Medlar flowers on two-year wood. In the following years, only old fruit branches cut away the crown threatens to become too close. Expertise of pruning is not necessary to do to get fruit. A medlar you standing if you make a fan shape from.
The beautiful and firm fruits are also very suitable to incorporate into your flower arrangements.

Leif Square and climbing vegetables

Leif Square and climbing vegetables provide much fruit on a small area

Climbing fruit and leif window from the garden:

Fruit from our garden! Delicious! In a small garden can be. Against walls and fences (preferably on the south) to great success with apple, pear, peach and plum are grown as an espalier. And if there is no wall can be of wire mesh or rebar stakes between mats is also a beautiful frame to be made ​​from the fruit branches to bind. The main advantage of trained trees is that they have little ground space and lots of questions fruits. This also applies to fruit-producing vines, such as grape, kiwi, blackberry and Japanese wineberry. That you can even pergolas, gazebos and other structures grow. Imagine summer sit in the shade of the grape leaves sit and enjoy the masses fruits ripen over your head. Mediterranean life in your own garden!

Espaliered formsEspaliered forms of fruit trees are always cut in a flat plane, usually vertical, but it can also horizontally. Think of a mulberry in roof shape (actually called a tree shape) or apple branches along a path through slats be led. This is called the table form. Leip them are often in a tight V-or U-shaped cut. In a fan shape, the central leader (the extended stem) and cut away the branches are tied into fan shape. In a palmette central leader who is still in there. With a cord, the central leader and held the strong side shoots pruned. The diagonal placement of cords inhibits growth and promotes fertility. Planted as a row of wires called a cordon. There are more espaliered forms, often you can buy already made. When pruning, it comes to as many fruiting wood (often short branches on the trunk or branches) to maintain or form. Let it happen once by a professional, you know how.
The best typesIn apples (Malus) as cord must be routed to the fruit year-old wood are formed. This can be done with 'Jonathan' and 'Golden Delicious', but there are many more breeds. Most pear varieties (Pyrus) can be well lead. Mulberries (Morus, white, purple or deep pink fruit) are fine trained trees, like peaches, nectarines and even apricots and almonds. Also prune, injure, kroosjespruimen and cherries are great. The latter are all Prunus species. Enough choice. And there are climbers, such as grape, kiwi, Japanese wineberry (Rubus phoenicolasius), blackberries, climbing roses (bottels!) still with. Even the fig is cut flat. And they all give delicious fruits, while most magnificent bloom.
Get expert advice on your choiceSome fruits, like many apple and pear varieties, are a different race as pollinator needed. That must be a breed that thrives and both prefer a variety that in turn by the first race can be fertilized. Also, not all fruit varieties are equally suitable for all soil types or all circumstances. That you should know. Be so good advice.
April Garden TipsVery important: the weeds remain. You'll have to mow grass every week again. It is an ideal time to plant ferns and box hedges it. Evergreen shrubs (with root) plants can now fine. Sprinkle peat in acid soil (heath) plants. You can now lavender and other herbal plants are cut back. High time to the pond in order to make. Dahlia tubers must now also into the ground. Nesting boxes are not cleaned? Do it as soon as they are not "occupied". No cutting hedges when birds nest.

Quince Cydonia oblonga

Fruit: keeper of Cydonia oblonga
Cydonia oblonga - quince
Family: Rose family - Rosaceae
Bloom Color: White
 
Flowering month: May, June
Leaf color: green
Height: 4 to 6 m
Evergreen: Deciduous
Hardiness: hardy
Location: Sun, Partial shade
Type of plant: Deciduous Tree
Special Features: Vegetables, fruits Notable
   fruits of quinces
Habitat: Normal soil, moist soil

The quince (Cydonia oblonga) you know from southern Europe and the famous kweepeerjam, but also in our country, the quince has grown since Roman times.

The hard fruit (harvested in October) can apple or pear shape, they are just cooked edible (and delicious sauce is very good in applesauce), and as they mature a golden yellow color. The 15 cm sized fruit smells delicious. Kweepeerbomen let themselves easily lead.

quinces can from mid September to late October are picked.
The fruit of the quince smell delicious and can be used for various preparations such as compotes, jams, marmalade, jelly, juice, cakes, wines and liqueurs.

They like sun and moist soil. Good varieties include 'Champion', 'Portugal' and 'Vranja. They flower with large pink flowers 5 cm in May-June.
Many hawthorn rootstock grafted on quince.

Flowering in May, June
Pruning Month in March

The fruit is large and apple-shaped and is 2 months. Self-pollinating.

Cydonia oblonga in our online Plant Guide
Quince recipes: kweeperencompote, kweepeerjam ...

Climbers like kiwi and grapes

Climbing fruit: kiwi and grapes
Vines: grape and kiwi
Grape and kiwi vines are high growth. This makes them suitable for a pergola, a conservatory or a shady terrace. On a warm, sheltered spot, the best fruit ripening. Climbers have - unlike leiplanten - a twisting growth habit (kiwi) or special tendrils with which they work their way up (grape). Yet tethering needed, because wind can give a lot of damage otherwise.
GrapeBy the turbulent growth of the grape (Vitus) requires this much space or more radical pruning. It is an ancient cultivated crop that grows quite easily and sufficiently hardy. For outdoor cultivation in our climate will be those varieties ripen sufficiently like the blue 'Boskoop Glory' and white 'Early van der Laan.
In a large conservatory, hobbykas or a terrace, a delicious grape growing, like the blue 'Frankenthaler' or yellow 'Golden Champion'.To get big grape bunches must be thinned, or as beautiful as it is called gekrent. Cut when the grapes as big as a pea, about half way. Keep the shape of the bunch a bit in the holes. The remaining grapes are better.
Tips!

    Nutritious and moist soil for the grape is most appropriate.
    Topiary in December.
    Summer pruning: cut away what is in your way.
    Enough fresh grapes are delicious, suitable for juice and wine
     
KiwiThe shoots of kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) winds around each support material in the area. By vertical or horizontal wires tensioned or trellis (trellis) to apply, they need mostly in the right direction to be guided.

Kiwi ripens in early autumn.
A fruit to harvest, a female plant ('Hayward') joined by a male ('Atlas'). The kiwi is in fact ambiguous and dioecious. Pollinating insects are mainly on the male flowers as they carry much pollen. That's food for them. The female pistil flowers are less attractive. Therefore, the insufficient pollination and fertilization is manual recommended. The fruit ripens late.
Tip!Nutritious, moist soil.Topiary in the winter, trim shoots in summer.Delicious ripe fruit, also suitable for jams and juices.