Fruit trees in medium and large gardens: planting of walnut trees

Overview walnuts tips:

Walnuts / walnuts fit well in medium and large gardens. Choose a healthy, vaccinated and walnotenras plant in a moist soil, you can pick up notes after three years already. Walnut Seedlings are very large, are fertile late (after 10 years) and are sometimes prone to nasty fungal diseases. Limited pruning best done in September and not in the winter. Walnuts are rich in protein and unsaturated fat, source of vitamin B, vitamin E and folic acid. Recommended varieties include walnut Juglans regia 'Axel', 'Broadview', 'Buccaneer', Coenen, Drjanovski, Hansen, Nr. 16, Plovdivski, Proslavski, R


Walnuts botany and useful features:- Ordinary walnuts (walnuts), whose scientific name Juglans regia, belong to the family Juglandaceae. In Esperanto, the juglandoThe genus name Juglans comes from Jovis composition-gloss, head of Jupiter (Zeus), dedicated to Zeus tree after a wedding when the bride entered the bedroom, threw the ancient Greeks nuts among the guests, that Zeus would make marriage fruitful .The species designation means regia royal and is derived from the Latin rex (= king).- Note boots fit very well in our environment. Flies and mosquitoes are in the vicinity of the tree banned. (Very useful in the stables of animals!) They give lots of shade, and are well suited to sit in when the temperatures in summer high. Aphids are rare on the tree.- Regarding health, it is usually easy fruit trees. Most new walnut varieties are little or not susceptible to disease.Older varieties may be susceptible to fire blight and fire spotty nature (leaf spot). Insects / mites need not be sprayed.Normally they require no plant protection products (pesticides).- Walnuts usually fit in small gardens. They should be planted wide apart. An exception is the weak-growing resume. "Hansen".- Nuts fit well in our current diet. In autumn you can collect the nuts, to dry off and eat. They are particularly rich in proteins and are therefore very useful for people who do not wish to eat meat (vegetarians).Nuts are a healthy treat most people, which they use for several months. Juglans regia: walnut, walnut
- Among the Walnuts, there are several plants which are not able / want to grow. The roots of Juglans could contain toxic substances, the growth of other plants can disturb. In which the leaves are not toxic, so they certainly take on the compost heap can be done.Tips in the planting of nut trees - walnuts common / walnut.- The recommended planting distance is 7.5 (6) x 8 m (or 9 x 10 m). This distance is dependent on the soil and of the race. Seedlings usually charge a very large distance.
- In general, grafted varieties strongly recommended. These may already after 3 years the first notes indicate. Seedlings show sometimes after 10-12 years the first notes. Inoculated with races you can be sure of their properties (disease susceptibility, fruit quality, scale, quality, nut width, ...). With seedlings this is a big question mark because the typical racial characteristics often lost.
- Preferably one species / cultivars that take very little disease prone. For older breeds nuts sometimes there are problems with bacterial fire, fire and patchy nature of the quality scale. Bacteria in a fire, the contents of the notes completely rotten.
- A tree pole is necessary for the grafted walnut trees. (2.5 m long and 6 cm thick)
- Preferably one plant in the fall (October-November) or spring (March-April)
- No plant nut trees on wet or dry soil. The best rooting depth is 1 meter. The pH (acidity) of the soil is best between 6.5 to 7
- Cross-pollination is usually recommended. So your best to plant two different nut trees which bloom right. A very good (self) pollinator is 'Buccaneer'. "Broadview" alone sometimes gives good results.If you really want only one nut tree / plant is then the races 'Amphyon', 'Buccaneer' and 'Chiara' the best solution. Both varieties are self-pollinating.
- Nuts are a loose, weed-free and warm soil. The graft will be best to just above ground plants. Also stemmed notes (grafted) always have a support post required!
- In low-lying land which are sensitive to late spring frost (frost pockets), there is some chance that the young shoots and flowers afvriezen. Preferably, they are not nuts / walnuts plants. If you still want to do that than to go down ahead late varieties in the spring. vb. "Drjanovski ',' Hansen 'and' Red Donaunuss.
- No fertilizer in plantput do. This can root combustion.
- Walnut Trees in pots usually regrow better than bare root plants.



Pruning nut trees / walnuts
- The best pruning time is between May, June and September. It can also happen just after the walnut harvest. See also "Fruit pruning calendar".
For walnut trees in the Netherlands suggest some pruning of specialists only in June to cut, so the bleeding (profuse loss of juice) is avoided.

- Pruning Tips: Little or no pruning. The stem length is minimal and better 1m30 1.80 to 2 meters. Only broken branches and twigs to remove abrasive.


Fungal diseases in regular walnuts (walnuts)
Brown-black spots on the leaves of walnut trees
Leaf and fruit diseases of walnut stain / walnuts may include two causes:
1) Fire Bacteria - Bacterial blight:
Xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis (Pierce) Dye
Pseudomonas (Xanthomonas) juglandis.
The leaves of walnut / walnut are small brown spots, leaf fall in serious damage. On their hulls wet black rotten spots occur. In early summer infection by the bacteria penetrate the shell so that the nut rot and fresh glue (= wet rot).

A too large donation nutrients could cause more Xantomonas in some breeds. (Better a little more poor soil)
Chemical control: copper oxychloride (50 g per 10 liters of water). Shortly before flowering and at the appearance of the young nuts. In the spring, so 2 - to 3-fold spraying.

Insensitive / tolerant varieties are nuts, 'Broadview', ....
Sensitive species notes: "Axel", "Belnoot" and several other older varieties.

In young walnut trees that grow strongly, the shoots may be affected. One sees then brown, sunken spots with some slime growth, surrounded by an oily edge. If this occurs on or koptak gesteltak, it can be better to delete and start a new branch. Warm and humid weather increases the chance of an attack. This disease may also be transmitted by pollen.


2) Brandvlekkerigheid/ bladvlekkenziekte of Antharacnose bij Juglans
- Gnomonia leptostyla (con. v. Marssonia juglandis).
Gnomonia leptostyla (Fr.:Fr.) Ces. & De Not. (anamorph: Marssonina juglandis (Lib.) Magnus)
Zowel op de bladbovenzijde als op de onderzijde vrij grote hoekige vlekken. Ziek notenblad vergeelt en valt af Juglans regia-gewone walnoot: bladvalziekte

Op de scheuten en bolsters ietwat ingezonken scherpbegrensde bruine vlekken. De noot zelf kan ook soms bruin worden en verdrogen (= droogrot). Nat lenteweer bevordert de infectie; deze gaat uit van zieke afgestorven bladeren die in de nabijheid van de bomen blijven liggen.

Bestrijding: Preventief bestrijding met koperoxychloride.
Koperoxychloride (50 gram per 10 liter water) in de voorzomer 2- tot 3-maal spuiten.
Let op! Gebruik geen koperhoudende producten waar schapen grazen!

Minder gevoelige/ tolerante notenrassen zijn: 'Broadview', ...
Gevoelige notenrassen: 'Axel' (= vuistnoot), ('Fey's Spezial'), 'Bel'
Infobronnen voor dit walnotenartikel:
- Groente & Fruit Encyclopedie .

Auteurs Luc Dedeene en Guy De Kinder. Uitgeverij Groenboekerij (Kosmos). Nur 423; formaat 21 x 29,7 cm; ruim 600 illustraties; omvang 408 pagina's. Verschenen februari 2004. Meer info over de Groente- en fruit Encyclopedie

- Plantenziekten: bescherming van cultuurgewassen en openbaar groen, door A. Hallemans. (6de uitgave - 1993)

- Publicaties en verslagen van dé Notenspecialist:
WESTHOF KWEKERIJ, te NL-4444 SM 's-Heer Abtskerke (Nederland)
Email: westhof@walnoten.nl
Nederland (Tel.: 0113-561219 Fax 0113- 563399). Hier kan men een uitgebreid sortiment aan geënte rassen okkernoten (walnoten) bekomen.
Homepage kwekerij (gewone walnoten) Westhof



   

Fruit and Vegetable Book: Fruits and Vegetables Encyclopedia

Authors: Luc & Guy Did The Children

The content of the fruit and vegetable plants encyclopedia book does not match that of the website (Fruit ABC),
This special garden book is complete and in its details. Via an index register and its data quickly to find!
Rear is an extensive mailing list where additional information (addresses) on seeds and planting is to obtain.

A standard manuals with extensive cultivation of all known and specific fruit and vegetables, and tasty for successful revenue from small and large gardens. This book has 408 pages and is richly illustrated. The first edition was published in 2004, the second in 2007, the third in January 2009 and the fourth revised edition appeared in 2011 (March).


Practical information on the basics of growing in the soil, greenhouse / conservatory and in pots.

     Of each fruit and vegetable cultivation is the step by step detail, from sowing or planting through care aspects (fertilization, crop protection, pruning, etc.) until the harvest.

     Many hundreds of color photos and drawings of all crops, the tools, auxiliary materials and work for a number of things at a glance to clear.

     Environmental approach by creating and maintaining healthy growth conditions and by selection of disease-tolerant crops.

     Reports and lists pollination races make the right choice from the very extensive range - a richness and variety that is much larger than fruit and vegetable shops and supermarkets suggest.

     Besides fruits and vegetables are also taking care of the most important herbs treated.

     Also in this gardening book: addresses of specialist suppliers of vegetable and fruit plants, plus listings of useful websites.
The Fruit Encyclopedia (3rd edition, 2009) is available again!

     Last summer 2008, the last copies of the Fruit & Vegetables Encyclopedia (2nd edition) sold. This unique garden encyclopedia has become a standard for edible vegetable and fruit garden.

     A striking new feature is the "Growing Planner" where you get a clear overview of what you sow, plant and harvest a month.

     Also new is a comprehensive table of distances for ideal planting fruits and an additional chapter on kiwibes (Actinidia arguta).

     Through the websites and info Houtwal Vegetables - Fruit ABC is an online support information. Readers can find additional information, questions, comments, and contacts with other gardeners.

    The Fruit Encyclopedia (4th revised edition, March 2011) is available again!

         Last winter 2010-2011, the last copies of the Fruit & Vegetables Encyclopedia (3rd edition) sold. This unique garden encyclopedia is a standard for edible vegetable and fruit garden!

         For most fruit and vegetables were adjusted catalogs.

         The environment friendly gardening is even more central than in previous versions. Preventing diseases and pests through an appropriate choice of varieties and suitable cultivation measures.

         Through the websites and newsletters and Vegetables Houtwal Info - Fruit ABC is an online support information. Readers can find additional information, questions, comments, and contacts with other gardeners.

Fruit trees in the orchard. Planting of stone fruit.

Plants, pollination and variety selection table in plum trees.
Prunus domestica
Recommended varieties and plum pollination.


1.Pruimenteelt suits lovers (Prunus domestica)
Prunus is an old Latin name of plants with reference to the cherries and plums, plum tree. All stone fruits nominate genus Prunus.The species designation means domestica domestic, indigenous, (cultivated) (Latin domus = house)Read more about the origin and explanation of scientific names of plants, "ABC's of Latin plant. The use of botanical names"
A large number of plum varieties are well suited for fans, because they are usually less susceptible to a fungus. Sprays are usually unnecessary. In general, most plum varieties less susceptible than apples.2.Kruisbestuiving usually needed at boot plumImportant for the production of the prune pollination. In general, they flower early. For good fruit set should usually equal 2 * flowering varieties are planted.Poor production is usually due to: poor pollination, too cold (freezing) or wet during flowering. Late flowering and self-pollinating usually give less turn years.
Cross-pollination usually produces thicker and more fruit.
A good pollinator must provide sufficient pollen (annually) and must occur simultaneously with the other pruimenras flourish. Hot and dry weather are ideal for good pollination. Late-flowering plum varieties are generally less susceptible to spring frost.
Some good self pollinators * (S) which are sometimes susceptible "Reine Cl. the Bavay ',' Harvest Plum ',' Felsina ',' Sainte Catherine '(RGF), Belle de Louvain, River Early Prolific, Altesse Simple, Monarch, Czar, Mirabelle de Metz, Prune the Prince (RGF), Geisenheimer Top, Early Transparent Gage, Reine Claude Crottee (R.Cl. Doree, R.Cl. Verte Crottee type), Anna Späth, Ontario, Marjories Seedling, Voyageur, Topper, Topking, Warwickshire Drooper, Red Mirabel, Altesse Double de Liège, Wignon ( RGF), Giant Prune, Barley Ruth Etter, Early Laxton, Victoria (syn. Reine Victoria), Sanctus Hubertus, Altesse Simple, Buhler Frühzwetsche, Bluefre and Opal.In hot weather during flowering is more likely to have a good self-pollination and fruit set.3.Snoeien of plum trees should not be in winter!Pruning plum trees and other stone fruits should only be done from mid April to late September. When pruning during the winter, there is risk of dying! (Especially the cv. 'Queen Victoria' is very susceptible to the disease galena) See also "Fruit ABC pruning calendar"4.Schimmelziekten and diseases in plum boot.
Exceptionally, some plum varieties are susceptible to these fungal diseases: bacterial cancer, leaf spot, Shothole, witches' broom disease, hunger plums disease, galena fungus moniliaschimmel (fruit rot / branch and blossom death), rust fungus and fruit rot.Exceptional are the following pests: bladgalmijt, aphids, dopluizen, wood beetles, pruimenmot, plum sawfly, winter moth (caterpillars), bark borers, spider mites and root nematodes.Exceptionally there may be some deficiency diseases (chlorosis) occur: manganese and iron deficiency. Too high pH of the soil of this is usually the cause.
The RGF-plum varieties (so-called "old varieties of Gembloux") are generally well tolerant / resistant to disease and are almost in every region for sale. ("Prune the Prince," "Sainte Catherine" and "Wignon ')5.Geringe plum harvest t.g.v. spring frostsHow to spring frost damage to blossoms to prevent or limit?
There is less damage from spring frosts if the ground under the plum trees weed free, moist and is closed. Grass under the trees during flowering should be cut as short as possible.During flowering, the tree mirror is not covered with grass, manure or compost.


6.Other sight hurt plums acc. picking time:  

 

Fruit trees: Apple trees plants (Malus domestica).

Meaning scientific name:The genus name comes from Malus 'malum' and this is the Latin word for apple, fruit tree.The species designation means domestica domestic, indigenous, (cultivated) (Latin domus = house).
The apple tree is native to Europe.Tolerant fungus / disease tolerant apple varieties (Malus domestica):

    Some apple varieties are well suited for fans, because they are less susceptible to fungal diseases such as scabies and some mildew. Sprays are usually unnecessary.
    
    Current apple varieties found in the fruit shop can buy are usually not / less suitable for lovers, because of their large disease susceptibility. (Eg 'Golden Delicious', 'Granny Smith', ..) The most important fungal diseases are scab, powdery mildew (white rot) and canker.
    
    Scab-tolerant varieties are sometimes susceptible to mildew. Varieties scab tolerant and less or very little susceptible to mildew, "Nela" "Rayka ',' Rubinola ',' Topaz ',' Rebella ',' Reka ', (' Reglindis '),' Relinda ',' Cidor" , 'Juliane', 'Golden Resistant', 'Hibernal', ('Such non Peas Good'), 'Remo', 'Red star apple', 'Discovery'.
    
    A disadvantage of these varieties is that they are harder to find. Some breeds are very old, others are very new and may not freely be increased.
    
    The RGF varieties (so-called "old apple varieties Gembloux") are generally well tolerant / resistant to disease and are almost in every region for sale.
Pollination of apple trees (Malus domestica):Cross-pollination.

    Most apple varieties are cross-pollination * is required.
    One must then at least two apple varieties and plant both varieties have a good quality pollen.
    Where a race has bad pollen, it must be a third race (with good pollen drift) in plants.

    Cross-pollination usually produces thicker and more fruit.
Characteristics of a good pollinator.

    A good pollinator must provide sufficient pollen (annually) and must occur simultaneously with the other race flourish.
    Hot and dry weather are ideal for good pollination.
    Late-flowering varieties are generally less susceptible to spring frost.
Some self pollinators (self-pollinating)

    Some good self-apple varieties * (S) that sometimes (very) sensitive disease:
    Malus domestica 'Benoni', 'Bloemeezoet', 'Some Bellefleur "(Brabant)," Groninger Kroon', ('James Grieve'),
    "Mantet", "lame Küchenapfel '(syn.' Mank's Codlin '),' Odin ',' Summerred ',' Vista Bella ',' Tzigane 'and' Sweet Crown.
    
    In hot weather during flowering is more likely to have a good self-pollination.


Overview scab tolerant apple varieties acc. harvesting and use period:

 


literature:

- For more information and cultivation rasoverzichten: see fruit book "Fruit & Vegetables Encyclopedia"

- Data from M. Ing near, in June 1998. (Unité de-phytopatologie Gembloux), Varieties fruit crops 1992 (NFO), Apple Types (Petzold), Pomologia ...
- "Fruit and Vegetable Encyclopedia", authors Luc did and Guy De Kinder.
Publishing Green Boekerij (Kosmos, Utrecht).

Garden Book Review: "ABC of Latin plant. The use of botanical names" (Latin etymology of plant names). By Guy De Kinder.

Garden Books: Meaning and origins of over 2000 surnames and over 2,100 species designations. Etymology or origin of scientific or Latin names of plants. Behind the Latin name Thymus vulgaris, a culinary herb and medicinal plant is a hidden world. Meaning, origin, Dutch name, use and plant family. Some plant names are also names for animals. A plant plant dictionary to learn and improve your knowledge of plants.

ABC of Latin plant. Meanings of botanical names.
Author (s): Guy De Kinder
Number of pages: 216
Published: December 2009
Execution: paperback
ISBN: 978-94 906 5400 9
NUR: 424 - Gardening
Format: A5 (HxWxD): 210 x 148 x 18 mm
Weight: 298 grams

Contents of this special garden and plant book "ABC of Latin plant. The use of botanical names."

     Accountability.
     Generalities: History, synonyms, author names, benefits of scientific names.
     Agreements regarding the correct spelling of plant names. (Use of capital letters)
     Meaning, origin and derivation of surnames. (Over 2000 names).
     Meaning, origin or derivation (etymology) of such designations and varieties. (Over 2100 names)
     Lists of native and exotic plants, fruits, vegetables, herbs and edible flowers.
     Overview of various colors in plant names.
     Literature consulted.
Discussed in this plant family and explanatory dictionary of scientific names:

     If the meaning of a (Latin) plant names to know, then you will usually find the answer in this book.

     It explains why a plant that just renamed. (Relationship between the meaning and the Dutch plant name)

     Plant Names of plants, container plants, cut flowers, perennials, vegetables, herbs, medicinal plants, medicinal herbs, arable crops, fruits (native and exotic), native plants, trees and shrubs.

     For most names, the basic words in Greek and Latin, the derivation and meaning, the common Dutch names, and use the given plant family.

    Short, a book for passionate plant lovers!
    ..
ABC of Latin plant. Etymological meaning of botanical plant names.

     Besides a common name and a Dutch name, all plants have a scientific name in the "binary nomenclature" of Linnaeus. The scientific name is composed of a genus and a species designation.
    So called ordinary quince (pear rootstock) in Latin Cydonia oblonga.
    Thus, in the case of the quince, Cydonia derived from the ancient city "Kydonia" on the island of Crete, the homeland of the quince. The second name comes from the Latin oblongus oblonga and this means "with elongated" with oblong shaped fruits.
    

    Also the wild native flora, fruit, vegetables and herbs are a lot of attention and are therefore easy to find.
    

     Very clear explanation of the naming of plants, the significance of plant names and classification.
    

    A detailed literature review complete this educational garden and plant books.


Excerpt from the "ABC of Latin plant":

A small piece of etymology explaining this gardening book (p. 99 and p. 119)

All such designations are quick to search alphabetically!Animal names in Latin plant names explained:
Some plants bear animal names. There was a likeness (appearance, odor) with some animals. Some parts of the plant would like to be eaten by those animals.Some scientific names of animals used in scientific names of plants often occur:= Brown bear Ursus arctosCanis lupus = wolfCapra ibex ibex =Cat = Felis catusGreylag goose Anser anser =Columba = doveCuckoo Cuculus =Rana = frogFox Vulpes =Small white butterfly Pieris rapae = (butterfly)Pyronia Tithonus = orange Meadow (butterfly)
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry =). Of uva (grape = L.) and ursinum (L = bear). The bears would love the berries. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry)
Lupinus (Lupine =). Of Canis lupus (wolf = L.) pods hairy like a wolf, wolf bean. An inferior bean green manure and also as animal feed or forage crop was used.
Salix caprea (= water willow). From Capra / caprae (L. = Capricorn / Goat mother) eaten by goats. The plant is loved by goats.
Fritillaria uva-vulpis (= Fox Grape). Of uva (grape =) and Vulpes (L. = fox).
Lychnis flos-cuculi (True = cuckoo). Flos (L = flower); Cuculis (L = cuckoo) 1) Plant with cuckoo spit 2) The main flowering is equal to the return of the cuckoo.
Cataria Nepeta (catnip = Wild). Of Catus / cattas (= cat, cat), associated with cats. Cats are attracted by the smell. -A Nepeta (catnip Wild)
Ornithogalum (Star of Bethlehem =). To Ornitho / ORNIS (Gr. = bird) and Galum / gala (= milk) with milk-white flowers.
Potentilla anserina (= Cinquefoil, silverweed). Of Anser (goose = L.). The plant used to feed geese. Potentilla-a (Zilverschoon, cinquefoil)
Ranunculus (Ranunculus =). Diminutive of Rana (frog = L.) plant between the frogs, it is up to and in ditches and damp places that occurs.
Scabiosa columbaria (Dove = Herb). Columba (dove = L.) columbarium (dovecote = L), hole in one wall, storage urns.
Vaccinium (Blueberry =). 1) From vacca (cow = L.) and baccinium / bacca (berry =), berries of the cows, a kind of berry or berry that cows like to eat. 2) Old name for blueberry plants.


Snow in Latin plant names explained:

When looking up the meanings of plant names can be the discoverer, the habitat, characteristics or flowering find.
Some plants bloom in the snow and in the declaration of the botanical name to find it again.

In Latin (L.) nix means snow / nivis / nivalis.
In Greek (Gr.) means snow Chion

Some plant names which one refers to snow:

Chionanthus - Snowflakes Tree (Deciduous trees). Meaning: From Chion (Gr. = snow) and anthos (= flower), with snow-white flowers.

Chionochloa - Red brush grass, snow grass (perennials, ornamental grass). Meaning: From Chion (Gr. = snow) and chloa (= young grass or herb), snow grass.

Chionodoxa - Snow Fame (Perennial, bulbous). Of Chion (= snow) and doxa (= fame / glory), snow-fame.

Hedychium - Ginger Plant (Plant, plant odor). Of hedys (Gr. = sweet, pleasant) and Chion (= snow) plant with pure white, fragrant flowers.

Galanthus nivalis - Snowdrop (Spring flowering bulb). From nix / nivis / nivalis (L. = snow, snowy), flowering in the snow, snow.

Parodia nivosa - (Houseplant, sneeuwitte cactus with hair). Of nivalis (L. = snowy), snowy, snowy.



The Dutch name of plant names is common in snow:

Symphoricarpus albus - snowberry White. (Deciduous besheester). The words alba, album, coming from the Latin albus meaning and always white. With white flowers, leaves or other plant parts.

Who is this special garden book for?

This "explanatory dictionary of plants" is highly recommended for:

      Teachers in schools and agricultural colleges horticulture, biology teachers.

      Interested students of agricultural and horticultural schools, also to study plant, animal and environmental studies.

      Students of flower arranging and floral art direction.

      Students of environmental directions.

      Students of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacy, pharmaceuticals, agro-and biotechnology, ...

      Animal First Aid Training, Bach flower remedies, pharmacology, pharmaceutical industry, drug industry, ...

      Future garden, environmental and landscape architects, ...

      Anyone with the cultivation, manufacture and sale of plants do.

      Green Authors & Green journalists.

      Garden lovers who want to know more of their garden plants.    

Significance of scientific plant names. Scientific names have a meaning and are universal (all used).

Plant nomenclature is an international scientific naming of plants and plant groups. (= Taken name, Calar = vomiting).
In ancient times named one plant with a family name that was descriptive and for this long and used the Latin and Greek. Theophrastus (4th century BC.) Organizes plants according striking morphological features. Disappeared after the use of Greek names for plants and was used more Latin.
In the Middle Ages is the arrangement of plants according to the medicinal properties of plants (herbals) and religious use scientific names in Latin. (From the year 500 to 1500 AD).
The Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) was the founder of the current naming of plants and in 1753 gave an important book, namely the "Species Plantarum". Each plant will play a two-part name consisting of a genus and a species designation.
The priority principle ensures that each plant had only one correct and valid scientific names may possess and this is the first legal name after 1753 always prevail. Other scientific names for plants than the one synonymous names.
Important advantages of using scientific names are:
- Only one name for a plant species. It prevents misunderstandings.
- Universal botanists and professionals from all over the world to use.
- Mutual relationship is easy to see. Example, Prunus domestica (plum), Prunus persica (peach), Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus triloba (almond tree) and Prunus dulcis (almond) all belong to the genus Prunus (stone fruits =). All stone fruits belong to the same plant family. See "Fruits and plant family (A-M)"
- Point to a feature often, such as medicinal, edible, color, aroma and use. See significance of scientific (genus) names and generic names. See also explanatory dictionary of plants: ABC of Latin plant. Meaning of botanical plant names. Forgotten history or vegetables are back!
- Telling sometimes something of the origin, such as = sibirica from Siberia come
- It's easy to additional information via the Internet and a plant catalog to search.

Exotic fruit in the garden: khaki and sharon fruit its own to grow in warm, sheltered gardens!

Travel to distant countries teaches us to know new flavors. Once, bananas and oranges fruits from exotic countries. Later we learned kiwi and passion fruit known. Take some to know the khaki, sharon fruit and vegetable shop in persimoen and if you like, why not grow your own garden? Khaki, persimoen, and Sharon persimmon fruits are warm, sheltered place to grow well. Some (immature) species have a sour aftertaste khaki, but at full maturity they tend to do a sweet taste. Some varieties are self-pollinating and seedless persimmon, but the fruits do fall off easily. Deciduous fruit trees in the subtropics, with fruits that look like orange tomatoes.


Significance of difference and Diospyros kaki, sharon fruit and persimoen:

    Diospyros kaki Diospyros kaki = persimmon and fruit, sharon fruit, (S: Japanese persimmon, kaki Japanese)
    Diospyros virginiana = persimoen, (S: American persimmon, Common persimmon, Persimmon, White ebony.)
    Persimmon Diospyros lotus =, (S: Date-plum, persimmon Lotus, Lotus Tree)
     The hardiness of the khaki could remarkably improve if they are grafted on Diospyros virginiana Diospyros lotus or the.
    The genus Diospyros belongs to the plant family Ebenaceae (Ebony Family)
    The scientific name Diospyros (Greek) is derived from "dios" divine, "Pyros" wheat or fruit, or fruit divine gods fruit for the soul, the fruit species grown in Japan must be very tasty.
    The species name khaki stands for the Japanese name "khaki-no-ki" for a red fruit.
What are the best varieties to plant khaki and what with the sometimes unpleasant taste in khaki and sharon fruit?

    The most recommended non-astringent varieties do not taste bitter because of their low looizuurgehalte: "Triumph" (Sharon), 'Jiro', 'Gosho' Suruga ',' Fuyu 'and' Fuyuyaki "
    Other interesting khaki varieties with a high production, middentijdse or late flowering and insensitive to vruchtval 'Maekawa Jiro', 'Wase Fuyu Matumoto "and" Yamato "
    Sharon Fruit is glorified or improved varieties of the original wild kakis. In the fruit stores are found mostly only sharon fruit. Especially around the holidays in the autumn they are found much in the shop.
    Sharon Fruit ("Triumph" - Sharon) can also eat when they are still hard, because they are much less tannic acid (tannin) contain. Yet the taste of sharon fruit better when fully ripe.
    The true or original khaki fruit (with astringent taste), you should eat when fully ripe. To do this, leave the fruit after leaf drop a few days or weeks hanging. They have a dark orange color. Immature kakis tastes sour due to the large amount of tannic acid (tannin =) they contain.
     The ripe persimmon fruits are rich in vitamin C, beta carotene (vitamin A) and sugars. They are like grapes energizing fruits.

In which countries is the persimmon grown and countries of origin?

     Originally grew persimoen khaki and in temperate areas of China, Japan, Burma, North India, Korea and Vietnam. The trees are in the wild but also cultivated for hundreds of years.
     Now these special exotics also grown in Italy, Spain, Algeria, Israel, Brazil and New Zealand.

Characteristics of the khaki-and sharon fruit:

     They are flat-round fruit, similar to square tomatoes, with a diameter of 5 to 10 cm. At the top they have green petals.
     The skin color depends on the kakiras and can vary from yellow, yellow orange to dark orange.
     Sometimes the grooved shell.

  


The inside of the persimmon fruit is divided into separate sections that are filled with soft flesh and a varying number of seeds (seedless varieties with parthenocarpic).
     The ripe fruit from the store sharon sweet flavors, sometimes with a banana or vanilla flavor. Some think it tastes like pears and apricots.
     Persimmon fruit ripens here in late autumn (late October-early November) for three weeks. A little frost is sometimes useful to tannic acid (tannin) to break down. They must be even leaf drop after a few days or week remain.
     The stores have a fruit weight of 200-350 g and a size of 8-10 cm.
     In the ordinary varieties of persimmon fruits have a bitter taste remarkably high taninnegehalte.
     The ripe persimmon fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and processing in desserts or jams. Dried fruits would be a delicacy.
     The fruit should have medical properties.

Characteristics of the khaki-and sharon plant:

     Khaki's are deciduous trees or shrubs that are 3-5 meters high. The trees somewhat resemble apple trees.
     The oval, leathery leaves are about 20 cm long.
     The inconspicuous flowers are surrounded by a green calyx tube. They develop in the leaf axils from June of one year old branches. The female flowers are separate and are a creamy white, while the rose-colored flowers with three men together.
     The seeds are brown and khaki are about the size and shape of almonds. The fruits are rarely bought seeds available.
     In autumn the leaves get a red or yellow fall color.

Flowering and pollination of kakis:

    Kakis bloom in mid-May end of May
    For good production (large fruit) is cross-pollination from another variety useful.
    Most breeds also give parthenocarpic persimmon fruit, so only plants is possible. These fruits contain no seeds.
    If fruit without pollination (parthenocarpic), the strikingly large vruchtrui in August. Later, there are regular vruchtval.
    A male pollinator provides greater benefits that are less easily fall. The fruits also contain seeds.
Growing Tips for good kakis to breed

    The first year, the persimmon plant to be protected from severe frost. It recommends that sometimes the first two years in a greenhouse to overwinter.
     The next five years at low temperatures well cover or a plastic greenhouse build around. From the tenth year, the khaki most winters here are well. In full winter sleep plants tolerate temperatures down to -18 ° C. End of March, early April, sometimes they run out and then the young shoots are very vulnerable to spring frost.
     Choose flared late varieties, which are less susceptible to spring frost. Choose especially early maturing varieties that ripen in October already.
    They can grow to normal, well-drained garden soil.
    Choose a warm place sheltered from north and east winds. (No morning sun and wind plants).
    Usually the plants are little or not susceptible. In the greenhouse / conservatory can sometimes scale insects on the leaves.
    Birds can damage the unripe fruit, so they are best protected with a net or fleece when the leaf discoloration and leaf fall begins. The fruits are best leaf drop after a while linger. Light frost does the tannin breaks down faster. Fruits are plucked early November but may also ripen indoors until they are completely soft.
    Unripe persimmon fruit is faster eetrijp them together with some ripe apples in a paper bag to keep.
    Ripe fruits have a yellow-orange color and tastes like sweet ripe apricots and pears.
    Caution with pruning. See "ABC Fruit - Pruning Calendar"


Kakis multiply by seed, cuttings or grafting?

     Propagation of kakis can sow passing by and by grafting.
     Cuttings of kakis is not possible.
     Khaki grafted plants give fruits usually after about three years. In seedlings, sometimes it takes 10 years.
     If for kakis rootstock is usually the Diospyros lotus (lotus tree) is used. (The fruit of the lotus tree are only 1-2 cm tall and have little flavor). By using this rootstock would kakis earlier fertility and slower runs in the spring, making them less susceptible to spring frost.
     Diospyros virginiana only (persimoen) is to be increased by cuttings (root cuttings and cuttings in winter, wood older of about 1.5-2 cm thick)
     See also section "propagation by seed, cuttings and slips" and "Fruit ABC - Site Calendar"

Kakis self sow?

     Sometimes it works once in a pit in a khaki fruit found.
     The months from January to February are ideal to try to sow.
     Properly remove the pulp and rinse the stone properly clean.
     Let the pit one day week in lukewarm water and sow it in a pot filled with damp soil seed and cuttings.
     Place the seed container at room temperature (18-22 ° C) and place a glass or plastic sheet on top of the jar so that the seed compost does not dry out.
     After about 2-4 weeks the seed germinates.
     Once the first true leaf appears, the seedling into a bigger pot of soil placed.
     To prevent burns may ingepot young plant in the beginning not in full sun.

Pruning kakis:

     Limit pruning, but try to obtain a light tree.
     A light head can be obtained by intersecting some growing areas and steep road cut.
     Also you can prune low hanging branches.
     If a stem form is desired, then remove the lower branches gradually.
     The branches are brittle and break off easily noticeable by a too heavy fruiting or strong winds. The fruits are susceptible to wind damage by rubbing against the branches.
     Flowers and fruits are short one-year twigs.
     Strong twigs flowering shoots to form from the fifth to ninth button. Strongly growing branches or twigs are cut at about 35cm and the new year it may zijtwijgen flowering twigs form.
      The pruning time of frost, young trees is mid May - end of May Try to get three branches constitution by three well-placed to keep twigs and branches to the central leader of the excess removed. Top of the trunk is kept as a young sprout verlengenis. Make that a lot of light inside the canopy can be.

Persimoen or persimmon harvest? (Diospyros virginiana)

The fruits of the persimoen very similar to those of the khaki. Compared with the khaki is the greater fertility and fruit size is smaller. The fruit must be harvested at full maturity to be edible. Light frost promotes ripening of the fruits.